latest articles
Association of stress and anxiety with Alzheimer’s: post-COVID-19 pandemic global perspective
by Khan
M.,
Ahmad
T.
Summary: Alzheimer's is a neurodegenerative disorder mainly caused by aging, diabetes, stress, depression, anxiety, hypertension, obesity, etc. This bibliometric study investigated the correlation of stress and anxiety with Alzheimer's Disease to understand recent research trends and post-COVID-19 pandemic trending topics. The Web of Science database was utilized. The analysis was performed using the R package and VOSviewer software. A total of 305 articles were characterized and analyzed. The density visualization indicates that Alzheimer's disease and oxidative stress are the most prominent terms, followed by memory, dementia, anxiety, and stress. The most productive countries were China, the United States of America, and Iran.
Mutational variants of KRAS gene versus Wild-type KRAS in the survival outcomes of Vietnamese colon cancer stage II-III
by Cuong
H.,
Loi
N.,
Ngoc
T.,
Thang
V.
Summary: Colon cancer is one of the most common cancers in Vietnam and globally. The KRAS gene (Kirsten rat sarcoma) is an oncogene showing a high mutation rate in colon cancer, affecting 30% to 40% of patients. The mutated KRAS gene, which keeps the MAPK signaling pathway permanently active, is considered a negative factor in the survival of colon cancer patients. Recently, several studies have been conducted to evaluate the specific prognoses related to distinct KRAS mutations, but the results were controversial. Mutations in different KRAS codons may impact colon cancer treatment models and prognoses. Therefore, the impacts of codon-specific KRAS mutations on survival require further clarification. This study aims to determine the associations between codon-specific KRAS mutations and survival in Vietnamese patients at stages II - III.
What is the optimal timing and solution for the intravenous infusion of thawed cryopreserved mesenchymal stem cells?
by Nguyen
T.,
Phan
K.,
Le
P.,
Pham
P.,
Vu
B.
Summary: The viability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) during intravenous infusion can significantly impact treatment efficacy, particularly with thawed cryopreserved MSCs. During infusion, these thawed MSCs are suspended in saline at room temperature, which lacks nutrients and buffering capacity, leading to a gradual decline in cell viability. This study aimed to investigate the survival of thawed MSCs during intravenous infusion and propose an optimal procedure to maximize cell viability.
The proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells is repressed by mesenchymal stem cell-mediated macrophage activation conditioned medium through the inhibition of AKT1 and YKL-39 genes
by Jumat
N.,
Yunus
M.,
Yahaya
B.,
Aziz
M.,
Rofiee
M.,
Mohamed
R.
Summary: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by a substantial presence of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) exhibiting an M2-like phenotype, which plays a crucial role in promoting tumor cell stemness and invasiveness. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the ability to induce the transformation of naive macrophages (M0) into M1-like macrophages. This study delves into the interplay between MSCs and macrophages within the context of breast cancer (BC) progression using a TNBC cell line, as reprogramming of TAMs into M1-like macrophages may emerge as a promising therapeutic strategy for BC.
Predicting lymph node metastasis in gastric adenocarcinoma: Role of tumor budding and immunohistochemical expression of E-cadherin
by Nguyen
H.,
Nguyen
T.,
Tran
C.,
Dao
L.
Summary: Predicting the node status of stomach carcinoma is very useful, as it affects treatment decisions. The objective of this study was to use the immunohistochemical expression of E-cadherin and tumor budding to investigate the nodal status of gastric cancer surgical specimens as a pilot study before application to gastric cancer biopsy samples.
Effects of Orychophragmus violaceus extract OVS-2 on the structure and diversity of intestinal flora in mice with radiation intestinal injury
by Li
H.,
Du
L.,
Lu
Y.,
Cheng
X.,
Xiao
F.,
Zhang
Q.
Summary: Orchophragmus violaceus (OV) has a rich history of use in traditional Chinese medicine, spanning millennia. Its diverse physiological properties, such as anti-radiation, antibacterial, antitumor, and hepatoprotective effects, have garnered widespread recognition. This study aims to elucidate the potential of OV extracts to mitigate radiation-induced intestinal injury (RIII) and its impact on the intestinal microbiota.
Development of a recombinant construct as an immunogenic target for leptospirosis using LipL41 and molecular adjuvants
by Pothiaraj
G.,
Saxena
S.,
Manoranjani
M.,
Pitchaikani
S.,
Saravanan
K.,
Shakila
H.
Summary: Leptospirosis, an infectious disease that can spread from animals to humans, requires the development of a safe and effective vaccine. The immunogenic characteristics of LipL41, a conserved outer membrane protein of Leptospira, have been identified as a promising vaccine candidate. In this study, a recombinant DNA construct, pTR-EGFP-LipL41, incorporating the LipL41 gene and hGMCSF adjuvant in the pTR600 vector with a cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter, was designed and evaluated.
A fatal case of overwarfarinization leading to complete paraplegia with hematomyelia
by Ibrahim
A.,
Saat
M., A.,
Din
M.,
Ghani
N., S.,
Abdullah
M.
Summary: Warfarin is a commonly prescribed anticoagulant medication used for thromboprophylaxis in patients at an increased risk of thromboembolic events. However, warfarin administration can lead to hemorrhage due to its narrow therapeutic range. Hemorrhage may occur in unusual anatomical sites and can result in mortality.
Neuropsychological manifestation as an initial presentation of pediatric chronic myeloid leukemia: A case report of diagnostic conundrum and review of literature
by Kori
A.,
Mohamad
N.,
Nasir
A.,
Akbar
N.,
Hassan
M.,
Zulkeflee
R.,
Bahar
R.,
Hassan
R.
Summary: Chronic myeloid leukaemia is a form of myeloproliferative neoplasm characterised by the proliferation of granulocytes. This particular form of myeloproliferative neoplasm is rare, accounting for approximately 2% – 3% of recently diagnosed pediatric leukaemia. Neuropsychological manifestation is a rare initial sign in patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia.
Contriving a multi-epitope vaccine against African swine fever utilizing immunoinformatics
by Fagbohun
O.,
Aiki-Raji
C.,
Omotosho
O.,
Akinniyi
O.,
Jarikre
T.,
Emikpe
B.
Summary: African swine fever virus (ASFV) causes African swine fever, a highly fatal hemorrhagic viral disease of domestic swine, severely impacting the development of swine industries in affected countries. The management of this disease is significantly hindered by the absence of protective vaccines against the virus. A cost-effective approach to developing potent vaccines is by employing immunoinformatic tools to identify highly conserved IFN-g , CD4+, CD8+, and B-cell epitopes. These can then be combined to create a multi-epitope broad-spectrum vaccine.
Synchronous occurrence of Retroperitoneal Pleomorphic Liposarcoma and Papillary thyroid carcinoma: A Rare Case Report
by Yeduguri
J.,
Raju
K.,
Khattepur
A.,
Nattiala
N.,
Balaji
N.,
Kolkar
P.
Summary: Pleomorphic liposarcoma is one of the rarest malignancies. In this case report, we present a primary pleomorphic liposarcoma of the retroperitoneal cavity in a 73-year-old male patient.
3-strain novel combinatorial probiotic formulation has a prophylactic role in maintaining intestinal barrier function via a reparative modulation of alkaline phosphatase in a pre-clinical inflammatory bowel disease
by Biswas
S.,
Mitra
S.,
Dutta
R.,
Banerjee
E.
Summary: Oxidative stress is a significant issue arising from the excessive production of oxidants by superoxide oxides and nitric oxides in our body, which leads to inflammation and tissue damage. In patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), the immune system mistakenly identifies food as antigens, releasing various cytokines to combat this perceived threat and causing IBD symptoms. The loss of intestinal barrier integrity is directly linked to the severity of IBD. It results in a leaky gut, bacterial infiltration, and an increase in inflammatory cytokines. The immune system typically combats infections through the generation of various T- and B-lymphocytes, leading to an adaptive immune response.
Efficient isolation of mesenchymal stem cells from amniotic fluid via a two-step culture method
by Hoseini
S.,
Kalantar
S.,
Zarein
F.,
Sadeghian
F.,
Ghasemi-Esmailabad
S.,
Hajimaghsoudi
E.,
Montazeri
F.
Summary: The acquisition of human mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (hMSCs) is imperative for therapeutic interventions. These versatile cells can be sourced from various fetal tissues often regarded as medical waste post-delivery. Fetal hMSCs are also procurable from aborted fetuses during the initial and early second trimesters, and amniotic fluid (hAF-MSCs) secured through amniocentesis aimed at prenatal diagnostics. This study endeavors to evaluate two economical strategies for isolating hAF-MSCs: the one-step and the two-step method, emphasizing their efficiency and potential applications in cell therapy and regenerative medicine.
Target receptors in diabetic neuropathy: Key insights & implications
by Sharma
G.,
.
B.,
Akhtar
J.,
Khan
M.,
Ahmad
M.,
Neopane
D.
Summary: Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a debilitating complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), characterized by nerve damage resulting from chronic hyperglycemia. This condition affects a significant proportion of diabetic patients, leading to symptoms such as weakness, numbness, and pain, particularly in the extremities. The pathogenesis of DN is complex and involves metabolic, vascular, and neurotrophic factors. At the core of its development are various receptors that mediate and modulate the underlying biochemical and cellular processes. Key receptors implicated in DN include the advanced glycation end-product receptor (RAGE), which is involved in oxidative stress and inflammation. Additionally, transient receptor potential channels, namely TRP channels, particularly TRPV1 and TRPA1, play an important role in the sensation of pain and thermal stimuli, contributing to the sensory abnormalities observed in DN. Insulin and insulin-like growth factor receptors also play significant roles, as insulin signaling is crucial for neuronal survival and function. Furthermore, purinergic receptors, specifically the P2X and P2Y subtypes, are involved in neuroinflammation and pain transmission. Understanding the roles and interactions of these receptors provides valuable insights into the pathophysiology of DN and highlights potential therapeutic targets. Future research focusing on modulating these receptor pathways holds promise for developing effective treatments to alleviate symptoms and potentially reverse the progression of DN.
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