latest articles
Impact of Anthropometric and Genetic Factors on Plasma SIRT1 Level in Men with Essential Hypertension and Heart Failure
by Leonidivna
S.,
Oleksandrovych
D.,
Vyacheslavivna
M.,
Mykolayovych
Z.
Summary: Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) emerges as a promising biomarker for heart remodeling in the context of essential arterial hypertension (EAH). Additionally, the levels of certain plasma peptides might signal myocardial fibrosis and the progression of heart failure (HF) in hypertensive patients. Despite this potential, conflicting data exist regarding the marker's diagnostic value in HF patients. This study aims to explore the impact of anthropometric factors on plasma SIRT1 levels in men diagnosed with EAH and HF, considering the rs7069102 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the SIRT1 gene.
Assessing LDL Cholesterol Management and Statin Use in Diabetic Patients: Disparities and Outcomes in a Vietnamese Tertiary Hospital Setting
by Nguyen
S.,
Nguyen
D.,
Dang
V.,
Doan
B.,
Dinh
B.,
Nguyen
T.,
Nguyen
C.,
Pham
D.
Summary: The control of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol is a critical concern, especially for patients with diabetes, where the use of statins is essential. Despite this necessity, actual treatment practices and the achievement of LDL cholesterol targets are often suboptimal. This study aimed to assess the rate of LDL cholesterol goal attainment and examine statin prescribing habits within the cardiology and endocrinology departments of a tertiary hospital in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Harnessing Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Against Gastric Cancer: Charting the Course to Expanded Therapeutic Benefit
by Chung
D.,
Tung
D.,
Dung
T.
Summary: Cancer immunotherapy has become a groundbreaking approach in treatment, with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) showing exceptional success in blocking the pathways that tumors use to escape immune detection. This review delves into the clinical significance and predictive power of ICIs in the treatment of gastric cancer. It introduces ICIs, explaining their mechanisms of action, reviews key findings from critical trials, and discusses the role of programmed death ligand-1 (PDL1) testing as a potential biomarker for selecting suitable patients. The review also addresses the limitations of PD-L1 testing, while highlighting emerging predictive markers and ongoing research aimed at discovering novel biomarkers, optimizing therapeutic combinations, characterizing the tumor microenvironment, and understanding mechanisms of resistance to therapy. This effort to optimize ICIs aims to extend their significant clinical benefits to a larger group of patients with gastric cancer. In summary, this review provides specialists with an updated overview of the advancements in employing immunotherapy against gastric cancer and outlines the path towards enhancing patient outcomes through continuous research and the refinement of biomarkers.
Autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and endothelial progenitor cells transplantation showed potential benefits for type 2 diabetes mellitus Filipino patients: a case series
by Guzman
M., S., A. D.,
Apelado
M., P., B.
Panuelos
J., P.
Heralde III
F., M.
Relacion
P., R.
Bilbao
A., B.
Tan-Liu
N., S.
Barzaga
M. T. A.
Summary: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a serious metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. Long-standing T2DM may lead to various macro- and microvascular complications such as diabetic nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy. Currently available treatments for T2DM target high plasma glucose levels but do not address T2DM-associated complications. In this report, the therapeutic application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) transplantation in improving diabetic blood monitoring parameters among selected T2DM patients was investigated.
Detection of COVID-19 Patients through SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Assay using Chemiluminescence Immunoassay: Comparison to RT-PCR Method
by Phu
T.,
Trong Tin
T.,
Phuong Mai
L.,
Cong Tri
T.,
Quoc Viet
V.,
Hoai Cuong
L.,
Ngoc Truong
N.,
Thi Nam Phuong
N.,
Van Thanh
N.,
Tuan Khanh
T.
Summary: Accurate and reliable diagnostic tools are essential in effectively managing infectious diseases during the ongoing global COVID-19 pandemic. For this study, the RT-PCR assay was used as the reference method, and the objective was to determine the concordance rate, sensitivity, and specificity of the SARS-CoV-2 antigen assay (SARS-CoV-2 Ag) using the chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLEIA) technique for identifying COVID-19 patients.
Kaempferol Rescues Vascular Endothelial Ferroptosis by Inhibiting Lipid Peroxidation
by Wen
L.,
Zhang
W.,-y.,
Wang
L.,-s.,
Xiao
F.-j.
Summary: The vascular endothelium plays a pivotal role in maintaining vascular function and physiological balance. The degradation and injury of endothelial cells are critical pathological events in the progression of vascular diseases, leading to cell death. One such cell death mechanism, ferroptosis, is an iron-dependent form of necrosis characterized by extensive lipid peroxidation-mediated membrane damage and the toxic effects of iron and lipid peroxidation. Kaempferol, a flavonoid, is celebrated for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties. Despite these benefits, the impact of Kaempferol on endothelial cell ferroptosis and its potential therapeutic applications in vascular diseases have yet to be fully elucidated.
Large-scale separation and purification of exosomes using ionexchange chromatography
by Zhang
W.,-y.,
Cheng
X.,
Wen
L.,
Du
L.,
Lu
Y.,
Wang
L.,-S.,
Xiao
F.-J.
Summary: With the growing interest in exosomes for research and therapeutic applications, there's a critical need for effective enrichment strategies that can isolate exosomes in large quantities without contaminants. Despite various methods being developed, none have satisfactorily achieved this goal without contamination issues. This study introduces a novel approach for exosome separation - ion-exchange chromatography (IEC) - that leverages the negatively charged phospholipids on the exosomal surface for more effective isolation.
The effect of L-arginine in the prevention of preeclampsia and intrauterine growth of the fetus in primigravid women: a randomized clinical trial
by Khansari
S.,
Nasrollahi
S.,
Khazaei
S.,
Darabi
R.
Summary: Given the limited research on the effect of L-arginine in preventing preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), coupled with the importance of preventing these conditions, this study was conducted to investigate the potential preventative role of L-arginine on preeclampsia and IUGR in primigravida women.
Stimulation of Insulin Secretion and Inhibition of KATP Channels by Afzelechin and Coniferaldehyde from Ensete glaucum Seeds
by Hai Trieu
L.,
Phung Hien
L.,
Thi Kim Anh
L.,
Bich Thao
L.,
Minh Khoi
N.,
Thi Thu Huong
N.,
Van Minh
L.
Summary: Ensete glaucum seeds have been shown to possess antidiabetic properties. However, the specific hypoglycemic activities of the compounds they contain remain poorly understood. This study aimed to elucidate the hypoglycemic effects of E. glaucum seed compounds and to explore their mechanisms of action, particularly their interaction with pancreatic islets.
Immunophenotypic Expression and its Association with Prognostic Factors, Clinical Stages, and Clinical Profiles in Newly Diagnosed Patients with Plasma Cell Myeloma: Insights from Two Tertiary Care Centers
by Ismail
N.,
Pei Chi
L.,
Nik Yusoff
N., R., M.,
Mohamed
R.,
Hamzah
R.,
Farid Johan
M.,
Hassan
R.,
Mohamed Yusoff
S.
Summary: Plasma cell myeloma (PCM) is an incurable clonal neoplasm of plasma cells, which typically presents a poor prognosis. This study aimed to determine the clinical profile of newly diagnosed plasma cell myeloma cases in two tertiary care centers in Malaysia and evaluate the association of aberrant immunophenotypic expression with prognostic factors and clinical stages.
Sarcomatoid Renal Cell Carcinoma: Report of a Large Malignant Tumor with a Review of the Literature
by Naghibzadeh
Y.,
Javadizadeh
A.,
Amirian
F.,
Ramezani
M.
Summary: Sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma is a rare and aggressive kidney tumor with poor prognosis and distinct microscopic features. Traditional modalities versus new targeted therapy are used in different patients with controversial but some promising results.
Genetic predisposition of interleukin-6 (rs1800797) polymorphism in cervical cancer: A Meta-analysis
by Prema
A.,
Kalarani
I.,
Veerabathiran
R.
Summary: Cervical cancer is a significant health burden, especially in less developed countries with limited access to HPV vaccines and screening. Dysregulation of immune cells, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and proinflammatory mediators have been implicated in cancer progression. SNPs in the IL-6 gene are thought to influence cervical cancer. A meta-analysis investigated the relationship between the IL-6 rs1800797 polymorphism and cervical cancer risk.
An Uncommon Presentation of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Osteolytic Bone Lesion as the Initial Manifestation
by Zulkeflee
R., H.,
Hassan
M., N.,
Zulkafli
Z.,
Noor
N.,
Husin
A.,
Abdullah
A., D.,
Yusoff
S., M.,
Ramli
M.,
Bahar
R.,
Rahman
W., S., W., A.,
Zawawi
N.
Summary: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm that typically occurs in the fifth and sixth decades of life with presentations usually confined to hematopoietic tissues—primarily blood, bone marrow, and spleen. However, primary presentation of CML as extramedullary involvement (osteolytic lesion) is extremely rare, occurring in less than 1% of cases.
Impact of Antioxidant Therapy on Lipid Peroxidation and Venous Hemodynamics in Women with Pelvic Venous Incompetence
by Darenskaya
M.,
Stupin
D.,
Semendyaev
A.,
Kolesnikov
S.,
Tukhieva
D.,
Kolesnikova
L.
Summary: Pelvic varicosity, a subset of pelvic venous incompetence (PVI), is considered a multifactorial, chronic disease with a progressive course. One effective therapeutic approach may be the use of drugs that inhibit oxidative stress (OS) reactions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of an antioxidant complex on the state of the lipid peroxidation system and venous hemodynamic parameters in the treatment of patients with pelvic varicose veins.
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